Terms #6

Terms #6

Terms #6

Spam. Named after a kind of canned meat, spam refers to junk e-mail or irrelevant posting to newsgroup or bulletin board. It is a violation of "netiquette"!

WAN. Wide Area Network. WANs are not limited to a single location. Many span long distances via telephone lines, fiber-optic cables, or satellite links. They can also be composed of smaller LANs that are interconnected.

Buffer. Contains data that is stored for a short amount of time, typically in the computers memory. Holds data right before it is used. Fro example when you download an audio or video file from eh internet, it ma load the first 20 percene of into a buffer and then begin to play. While the clip plays back, the computer continually downloads the rest of the clip and stores it in the buggers. Because the clip is being played from the buffer, not directly from internet, there is less of a chance that the audio or video will stall or skpi when there is network congfestion. Several other ways too. Hard drives buffer for more efficient data access.

Driver. A small file that helps the computer communicates with a certain hardware device. Contains information the computer needs to recognize and control a device. PCs=dynamic link library, or .dll file. Macs=most hardware devices don’t need drivers. It’s a form of a system extension.

Linux. Unix-based operating system cerated by Linus Torvalds. He freely distributed his OS, hich helped it gain popularity. Today, lunix is used by hindreds of thousands of people aruodnd thw world/ Very customizable and yoc an actually add yoru own code to the operating system. Cheaper to set u[ and maintain than Windowsbased systems.

Queue. List of jobs that are aqaitning to be processed. When a job is sent to a queue, it is simply added to the list of jobs.Computere programs often work qith queue as a way to order takss. Common queue is the printing queue. Jobs added to a list and printed in the order they are received.

Unix. The unix operating system was first created in Bell Labs way back nit eh 1960s. It became popular in the 1970s for high-level computing, btu not on the consumer level. Since a lot of internet services were originally hosted on Unix machines, the platform gained tremendous popularity in the 1990s. (and Networking).

Worm. A type of computer virus. Computer worms tunnel throught your computer’s memory and hard drive. Type of virus that replicates itself, but does not alter any fiels on your machine. It will take cpu’s memory, hard drive space, etc. Hard to detect because they are typically invisible files. They can replicate themselves and travel between systems without any action from the user. Anti-virus software and updates will help inhibit them.

Zip. A zip file (.zip) is a “zipped” or compressed file. “Zipping” a file involves compressing one or more items into a smaller archive. Takes up less hard drive space and takes less time to transfer to another computer. WinZip, WinRAR, Stuffit etc are popular programs for extracting zipped files. Download.com or cnet.com has a plethora of free programs.

DOS. Disk Operating System. DOS was the first OS used by IBM-compatible computers. It was originally available intwo versions. PC-DOS (IBM) or MS-DOS (Microsoft). Uses command line, or text-based interface, that allows the user to type commands. By typing simple instruction the suer can browse the files on the ard drivfe, open files, and run programs. Windows 95, 98 ran on DOS based technology. Windows 2000, XP, Vist, NT run on their own. It’s new technology.



Terms #5

Terms #5

1.  ROM- Data recorded onto a chip. It can not be removed, only read. ROM is used to store important simple programs like the program to boot up a computer.

2.  CD-R- Stansd for Compact disc recordable. It is blank CD that data can be burned onto.

3.  CD-RW- Stands for Compact Disc Rewritable. It is a blank CD that can be burned. It is different from a standard CD-R in that data can be erased and reburned, and more data can be added.

4.  DVD+RAM- Stands for Digital Versatile Disc Random Access Memory. It is a blank DVD that data can be written on. They support defect management and error correction. Some new DVD+RAM discs can hold almost 10GB.

5.  DVD-RW- Stands for Digital Versatile Disc Unwritable. Like CD-RWs, they must be completely erased for data to be written on them. They can hold nearly 5GB of data but do not come in a double sided form/

6.  DVD-R- Stands for digital versatile disc recordable. Once burned, they cannot be erased and rewritten again. Most DVD drives support it.

7.  DVD+R- Stands for digital versatile disc recordable. Once burned, they cannot be erased and rewritten again. It is nt as common as DVD-R, but many DVD drives support it.

8.  T1- Data transfer system that transfers data at 1.544 megabytes per second. Many people can transfer data one a single T1, but after a large amount of usage they may slow down.

9.  BIOS- Stands for Basic Input/Output system. It is used to boot up an operating system.

10.  Format- (1) A proccess used on data on a computer in order for it too be stored. (2) Format refers to the layout of text, images and graphics is a word proccessing program. (3) A file format can refer to the way data is saved within a file.

Terms #4 Tim Trinklein

1. DV- Stands for digital video, and refers to the usage of video in digital format (ones and zeroes). It is commonly filmed in a digital camcorder. After being stored on a computer it can be watched and manipulated.

2. OCR Devices-  Stands for Optical Characters Recognition. Refers to the ability of a device to read text on paper via an optical scanner and transfer the text to a computer for manipulation. While they can easily read a variety of fonts and sizes of printed text, they still have trouble translating written text.

3. resolution- Resolution refers to sharpness, definition and clarity of images, usually those displayed on computer monitors. Amount of resolution is determined by the amount of dots per inch they can display.

4. MIDI- Stands for Musical Instrument Data Interface. It is a standard used for controlling, recorded and using music devices. Commonly used with synthesizers and keyboards. Midi records details like velocity, pitch, volume and length.

5. cursor- A cursor can refer to two different things, either a small graphic pointer used for selecting items, or a blinkind vertical dash used in text and code proccessing programs to designate where the next character typed will appear.

6. CCD- Stands for charge coupled device. CCD works like an eye, capturing light on its sensors to convert it into a digital format for viewing and manipulation.

7. offline- When a computer or computer device such as a periphal is off, it is said to be offline. It is the opposite of online, when a device is turned on a ready to communicate.

8. cybercrime- Simply enough, a cybercrime is any crime done over the internet, such as phishing, farming, etc.

9. wiki- A wiki is ussually an informational website that allows registered users to upload data and articles. It is taken from the Haiwan word "wiki wiki" meaning super fast. Wikipedia is an example of a wiki.

10. blog- Short for Web Log, it is a digital version of a journal. Blogger and Word Press are good examples of a blog hosting program.

Terms 3

1. Analog- Analog refers to a continous stream of information. Analog reasd bumps and groves to display audio and video. If differs from digital, which uses only 1s and 0s to read audio and video.

2. Bit- Stands for Binary DigIT.A bit is the smallest unit of machine information. A bit is represented by a 1 or a 0. Bits can be combined for more data, for instance an 8 bit data is called a byte.

3. Cache- A cache is a method of retrieving recently used data. For instance when a web page is visited, browsers may temporarily cache the data, so when the website is visited again, the information is retrieved from the cache instead of downloading it to your computer again, causing much faster accesss to web pagse. Cache systems are also used for programs.

4. Firmware- Firmware refers to software programmed on a hardware device. It is stored onto the ROM (Read only memory) of the hardware device. It remains the same except when an update is programmed in.

5. Flash memory- A type of EEPROM commonly used for storing BIOS settings on a computers ROM. It can be programmed very quickly due to its used of blocks instead of bytes. Used commonly in digital cameras and cell phones.

6. Memory- Computers save data to a RAM. Things like keyboard functions in programs, keystrokes, etc. When needed, RAM can be quickly accessed. Its very "short time memory", any time the computer is booted up the data on the RAM is erased and replaced.

7. Peripheral- Simply, any external device on a computer. Also reffered to as I/O (input/output) devices. Exmaple include a monitor, keyboard and mouse. If a perifpheral provides input, it is reffered to as an input peripheral. If it provides output, it is reffered to as an output peripheral.

8. USB- Stands for Universal Serial Bus. It is the most commonly used port on a computer. Cameras, flash drives, keyboards, monitors, printers, scanners and mouses can all be connected to a computer via USB port. With the use of a few USB hubs, up to 127 USB devices could be connected to a single USB port.

9. Ethernet- Ethernet is a method to connect computers to a local network (LAN). Used to connect a computer to another, connect comptuers to a netowrk, or to connect to a DLS/Cabel modem.

10. chip- Technically, a chip refers to a piece of silicon with an electric circuit inside it. It can also refer to various parts within a computer, such as a IC, central proccessor or graphics chip.

http://cnettv.cnet.com/toshiba-libretto-w105-l251/9742-1_53-50092516.html?tag=epicStories

The Toshiba Libretto is a new dual screen, touchscreen laptop. The bottom screen can easily be configured to a virtual onscreen keyboard, with the top screen configured to a standard computer screen. You can open a file viewer, with files on the bottom screen and view videos on the top screen. One of the biggest cons of the laptop is a low proccessor. It is starting on the market for $1299.